Gradual distraction combined with controlled phases of harmonic oscillations in the process of long bone lengthening by distraction osseogenesis have due to deformations during patient's natural physiological movement a significant effect on bone tissue formation in the interfragmental space of diaphysis. Size of the deformation amplitudes, rate and frequency of oscillation cycles in individual stages of elongation process comprehensively affect formation of extracellular matrix and development of structure of new bone tissue. Suitable optimization of loading program in different stages of initial callus formation, proliferation and active distraction, relaxation and neutral fixation in the process of consolidation and final ossification can significantly contribute to increase the formation velocity and improve the qualitative properties of new bone tissue.
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